NSF 20-592: Cyberinfrastructure for Sustained Scientific Innovation (CSSI):Elements and Framework Implementations

Program Solicitation NSF 20-592

National Science Foundation Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering      Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure      Division of Computing and Communication Foundations      Division of Information and Intelligent Systems Directorate for Biological Sciences Directorate for Education and Human Resources Directorate for Engineering      Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems      Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental and Transport Systems      Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation Directorate for Geosciences      Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences      Division of Earth Sciences      Division of Ocean Sciences      Office of Polar Programs Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences      Division of Physics      Division of Astronomical Sciences      Division of Mathematical Sciences      Division of Materials Research      Division of Chemistry Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences

Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. submitter's local time):

     October 28, 2020

Important Information And Revision Notes

This solicitation continues the CSSI program’s emphasis on integrated cyberinfrastructure services while also recognizing the importance of adaptation to the evolving research community needs as well as the continuing evolution of the computing landscape.

Revisions are noted below:

• The Program Description has been updated to emphasize that this solicitation welcomes Elements and Framework Implementations proposals only.
• A section on General Considerations has been added to clarify the common characteristics of CSSI projects.
• The section summarizing priorities for the collaborating NSF directorates and divisions has been updated for 2021. PIs are strongly encouraged to contact program officer(s) from the list of Cognizant Program Officers in the division(s) that typically support the scientists and engineers who would make use of the proposed work, to gain insight into the priorities for the relevant areas of science and engineering to which their proposals may be responsive.
• Proposals may now include requests for cloud computing resources through an external cloud access entity supported by NSF’s Enabling Access to Cloud Computing Resources for CISE Research and Education (Cloud Access) Program.
• Three project themes have been introduced, along with a grouping and clarification of the expected specific items in CSSI proposals. The Proposal Preparation Instructions as well as the Merit Review Principles and Criteria have been revised to reflect these changes.

Any proposal submitted in response to this solicitation should be submitted in accordance with the revised NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) (NSF 20-1), which is effective for proposals submitted, or due, on or after June 1, 2020.

Summary Of Program Requirements

General Information

Program Title:

Cyberinfrastructure for Sustained Scientific Innovation (CSSI):
Elements and Framework Implementations

Synopsis of Program:

The Cyberinfrastructure for Sustained Scientific Innovation (CSSI) umbrella program seeks to enable funding opportunities that are flexible and responsive to the evolving and emerging needs in cyberinfrastructure (CI). This program continues the CSSI program by removing the distinction between software and data elements/framework implementations, and instead emphasizing integrated CI services, quantitative metrics with targets for delivery and usage of these services, and community creation.

The CSSI umbrella program anticipates two classes of awards:

• Elements: These awards target small groups that will create and deploy robust services for which there is a demonstrated need, and that will advance one or more significant areas of science and engineering.
• Framework Implementations: These awards target larger, interdisciplinary teams organized around the development and application of services aimed at solving common research problems faced by NSF researchers in one or more areas of science and engineering, and resulting in a sustainable community framework providing CI services to a diverse community or communities.

Prospective Principal Investigators (PIs) should be aware that this is a multi-directorate activity and that they are encouraged to submit proposals with broad, interdisciplinary interests. Further, not all divisions are participating at the same level and division-specific priorities differ. Prospective PIs should also refer to the directorate/division-specific descriptions contained in Section II of this solicitation.

Finally, it is strongly recommended that prospective PIs contact program officer(s) from the list of Cognizant Program Officers in the division(s) that typically support the scientists and engineers who would make use of the proposed work, to gain insight into the priorities for the relevant areas of science and engineering to which their proposals should be responsive. As part of contacting Cognizant Program Officers, prospective PIs are also encouraged to ascertain that the focus and budget of their proposed work are appropriate for this solicitation.

Cognizant Program Officer(s):

Please note that the following information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.

• Stefan A. Robila, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-2303, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Amy Walton, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-4538, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Tevfik Kosar, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-8970, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Alan Sussman, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-7563, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Peter H. McCartney, Program Director, BIO/DBI, telephone: (703) 292-8470, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Almadena Y. Chtchelkanova, Program Director, CISE/CCF, telephone: (703) 292-8910, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sol Greenspan, Program Director, CISE/CCF, telephone: (703) 292-8910, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sylvia Spengler, Program Director, CISE/IIS, telephone: (703) 292-8930, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Amarda Shehu, Program Director, CISE/IIS, telephone: (703) 292-8191, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Abiodun Ilumoka, Program Director, EHR/DUE, telephone: (703) 292-2703, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Ronald Joslin, Program Director, ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7030, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Shahab Shojaei-Zadeh, Program Director, ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-8045, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Joanne D. Culbertson, Program Director, ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-4602, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Mohammod Ali, Program Director, ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-4632, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Eric DeWeaver, Program Director, GEO/AGS, telephone: (703) 292-8527, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Eva E. Zanzerkia, Program Director, GEO/EAR, telephone: (703) 292-4734, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sean C. Kennan, Program Director, GEO/OCE, telephone: (703) 292-7575, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Marc Stieglitz, Program Director, GEO/OPP, telephone: (703) 292-4354, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Nigel A. Sharp, Program Director, MPS/AST, telephone: (703) 292-4905, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Richard Dawes, Program Director, MPS/CHE, telephone: (703) 292-7486, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Daryl W. Hess, Program Director, MPS/DMR, telephone: (703) 292-4942, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Christopher W. Stark, Program Director, MPS/DMS, telephone: (703) 292-4869, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Vyacheslav (Slava) Lukin, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-7382, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Bogdan Mihaila, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-8235, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Pedro Marronetti, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-7372, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Cheryl L. Eavey, Program Director, SBE/SES, telephone: (703) 292-7269, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

Applicable Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s):

• 47.041 --- Engineering
• 47.049 --- Mathematical and Physical Sciences
• 47.050 --- Geosciences
• 47.070 --- Computer and Information Science and Engineering
• 47.074 --- Biological Sciences
• 47.075 --- Social Behavioral and Economic Sciences
• 47.076 --- Education and Human Resources

Award Information

Anticipated Type of Award: Standard Grant or Continuing Grant

Estimated Number of Awards: 35

The number of awards of each type will be determined by separate review processes and will be based on quality of proposals, availability of funds, and responsiveness to priorities of the participating directorates/divisions.

Up to 25 Elements awards, and up to 10 Framework Implementations awards are anticipated, subject to the availability of funds and quality of proposals received.

Anticipated Funding Amount: $33,000,000

Estimated program budget, number of awards, and average award size/duration are subject to the availability of funds.

Up to $11,000,000 is expected to be available for Elements awards, and up to $22,000,000 is expected to be available for Framework Implementations awards, subject to the availability of funds.

Eligibility Information

Who May Submit Proposals:

Proposals may only be submitted by the following:

• Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members. Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.
• Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities.
• NSF-sponsored federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) may apply, provided that they are not including costs for which federal funds have already been awarded or are expected to be awarded.

Who May Serve as PI:

There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:

There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or Co-PI: 1

An individual may participate as PI, co-PI, or other Senior Personnel on at most one proposal across the Elements and Framework Implementations for this solicitation. Thus, if an individual participates on an Elements proposal, he or she may not participate on a Framework Implementations proposal, and vice-versa. Note that any individual whose biographical sketch is provided as part of the proposal will be considered as Senior Personnel in the proposed activity, with or without financial support from the project.

In the event that any individual exceeds this limit, any proposal submitted to this solicitation with this individual listed as PI, co-PI, or Senior Personnel after the first proposal is received at NSF will be returned without review. No exceptions will be made. For this purpose, a multi-organization collaborative project is treated as one proposal that is considered submitted when the last component proposal is submitted.

Proposal Preparation and Submission Instructions

A. Proposal Preparation Instructions

• Letters of Intent: Not required

• Preliminary Proposal Submission: Not required

• Full Proposals:

  • Full Proposals submitted via FastLane: NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG) guidelines apply. The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg.
  • Full Proposals submitted via Research.gov: NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG) guidelines apply. The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg.
  • Full Proposals submitted via Grants.gov: NSF Grants.gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants.gov guidelines apply (Note: The NSF Grants.gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.gov website and on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=grantsgovguide).

B. Budgetary Information

• Cost Sharing Requirements:

  Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.

• Indirect Cost (F&A) Limitations:

  Not Applicable

• Other Budgetary Limitations:

  Not Applicable

C. Due Dates

• Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. submitter's local time):

       October 28, 2020

Proposal Review Information Criteria

Merit Review Criteria:

National Science Board approved criteria. Additional merit review criteria apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.

Award Administration Information

Award Conditions:

Additional award conditions apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.

Reporting Requirements:

Standard NSF reporting requirements apply.

I. Introduction

The Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure (OAC) enables science and engineering (S&E) research and education by developing, creating, and supporting secure, advanced, scalable, and global research CI. OAC investments emphasize CI that is:

• Science-driven: Promotes science and engineering excellence, enabling fundamentally new scientific and engineering advances; benefits science and engineering communities beyond initial targets;
• Innovative: Emphasizes unique NSF contributions; builds the capability, capacity, and cohesiveness of a national CI ecosystem; considers both human and technical aspects of the CI;
• Collaborative: Fosters partnerships and community development; actively engages CI experts, specialists, and scientists working in concert with domain scientists who are users of CI;
• Leveraged: Builds on existing, recognized capabilities;
• Strategic: Encourages measurement of progress and sharing of results; and
• Sustained: Provides benefits beyond the participants and the lifetime of the award.

NSF envisions an agile, integrated, robust, trustworthy, and sustainable CI ecosystem that drives new thinking and transformative discoveries in all areas of S&E research and education (as summarized in the Transforming Science Through Cyberinfrastructure: NSF’s Blueprint for a National Cyberinfrastructure Ecosystem for Science and Engineering in the 21st Century). Supporting this vision, OAC seeks to fund projects that translate core innovations into tools and services that enable a sustainable CI for broad use by the S&E research communities. OAC’s Data and Software programs have been long-term investments, focused on catalyzing new thinking, paradigms, and practices in developing and using data and software CI services to understand natural, human, and engineered systems. Science and engineering challenges and use cases drive CI development, and successful CI systems strike a balance that reflects, both the underlying technology and disciplinary research needs. OAC’s Data and Software programs have also continued to evolve in response to rapid changes in the underlying hardware and networks, the accelerated use of new data representations and processing paradigms and the convergence of data, software and services into unified instruments essential to all science and engineering domains.

The CSSI program targets services that address all aspects of CI, from embedded sensor systems and instruments, to desktops and high-end data and computing systems, and on to major instruments and facilities. The program will continue to nurture the interdisciplinary processes required to support the entire data and software lifecycle and will successfully integrate the development, deployment, and support of CI services with innovation and research.

Furthermore, the program aims to catalyze the development of sustainable CI communities that transcend scientific and geographical boundaries. To that end, the CSSI program aims to create a software and data CI ecosystem that scales from individuals or small groups of researchers/innovators to large communities. Recognizing the need to rapidly respond to evolving research community priorities, NSF envisions support for the creation of such an ecosystem to be complemented by investments in foundational CI community services.

The program envisions vibrant partnerships among academia, government laboratories and industry, including international entities, for the development and stewardship of sustainable CI services that can enhance productivity and accelerate innovation in science and engineering. Furthermore, the program also envisions integrated education activities that will play a key role in developing and sustaining the CI over time and in creating a workforce capable of fully realizing its potential to transform science and engineering.

II. Program Description

While the CSSI umbrella has encompassed multiple classes of awards, this solicitation welcomes proposals in the following two classes:

• Elements: These awards target small groups that will create and deploy robust services for which there is a demonstrated need, and that will advance one or more significant areas of science and engineering. It is expected that the created elements will be disseminated to the community as reusable services, with the potential for sustainability. The development approach may support the hardening of early prototypes and/or expanding functionality to increase end-user relevance. The expected budget for an Elements proposal is up to $600,000 for up to 3 years (up to $200,000 per year).
• Framework Implementations: These awards target larger, interdisciplinary teams organized around the development and application of services aimed at solving common research problems faced by NSF researchers in one or more areas of science and engineering, and resulting in a sustainable community framework providing CI services to a diverse community or communities. Some awards are anticipated to be continuing grants, where funds will be released annually subject to agreed-upon milestones, based on approval by NSF and the availability of funds. The expected budget for a Framework Implementations proposal is between $600,000 and $5,000,000 for 3-5 years ($200,000 to $1,000,000 per year).

Proposers are asked to identify whether their proposal is an "Elements" or "Frameworks" (for Framework Implementations) in the beginning of the proposal title (see Section V.A for details).

General Considerations

There is a need for scalable community-driven CI to support innovative scientific inquiry based on software and data that are findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, provenance traceable, and sustainable. All projects must be designed to overcome significant bottlenecks to solving compelling S&E questions. Data CI may additionally combine the elements of algorithms, software, computation, networks, task automation or exploiting custom hardware to support data-centric approaches to S&E. Data may be derived from experimentation, observation, or computation, and may be diverse, consistent with S&E across all disciplines.

Proposers should consider how efforts for education and community development in software and data CI can be designed as part of the CI development. Proposals that, as part of the CI development or community engagement, include visitor support, postdoctoral opportunities, or short training courses that increase interactions of domain scientists and software and/or CI specialists are encouraged. Proposals that include innovative educational activities to train next-generation creators of CI, and to train the community at all levels on using CI in ways that broaden participation, are welcome. Educational and broadening participation activities should not, however, be the focus of the proposal, but integrated within the main effort of developing the CI. PIs wishing to submit projects that focus primarily on CI education and curriculum should submit to the Training-based Workforce Development for Advanced Cyberinfrastructure (CyberTraining) solicitation (NSF 19-524).

A competitive proposal will:

• Identify science and engineering challenges where the proposed CI services enable fundamental new science and engineering advances, and describe how the proposed project fosters partnerships and community development that will have a significant impact on science and engineering research;
• Indicate how the proposed CI services build capability, capacity and cohesiveness of a national CI ecosystem;
• Clearly articulate the delivery and outreach mechanism with quantifiable targets for metrics to measure impact; and
• Provide a compelling discussion of the CI’s potential use by a wider audience and its contribution to a national CI.

(See Section VI.A.2 for details on the merit review criteria.)

NSF encourages participation by industry and international collaborators in all classes of awards where such participation clearly strengthens the proposed activity (e.g., involvement of specific and unique expertise or resources, or addressing sustainability).

International participants are encouraged to seek support from their funding organizations. NSF funds may not be used to support the expenses of international researchers at their home organizations. However, NSF funds may be used for integral travel expenses for U.S. scientists, engineers, and students, or for integral international collaborators to participate in activities in the U.S. For those who plan to submit a proposal with international counterparts, please contact the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE) Program Officer who covers that country: https://www.nsf.gov/od/oise/country-list.jsp. Procedures for participation by category of proposer, including foreign organizations, may be found in Part I, Chapter 1.E of the NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG).

OAC recognizes that CI cuts across academic, government, civic, and commercial organizations. The program encourages proposals to explore novel partnerships beyond academe wherever beneficial and permissible within the guidelines of the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG).

Programmatic Areas of Interest

Important Note: Prospective PIs are strongly encouraged to consult with program officers from the list of Cognizant Program Officers in the relevant research area(s) prior to submitting a proposal to ascertain that the focus and budget of the proposed work are appropriate for this solicitation.

The CSSI program is led by OAC in the Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) and has participation from the NSF directorates and divisions as described below. Not all directorates / divisions are participating at the same level and some have specific research and education priorities. Successful proposals are expected to be of interest to one or multiple directorates, divisions, or offices participating in the CSSI program and are expected to be responsive to programmatic areas of interest for these participating directorates/offices.

Below are programmatic areas of interest for FY 2021.

The Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) is primarily interested in the CSSI program as a means to collaborate with other NSF directorates to support proposals that impact a multidisciplinary community that includes BIO-supported researchers. PIs wishing to submit projects that focus primarily on biological sciences should submit to the Infrastructure Capacity for Biology solicitation (NSF 18-594) and reference the Cyberinfrastructure for Biological Research Program (CIBR).

The Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) is interested in software or data engineering and infrastructure projects that support research in all areas that sustain progress in the CISE field or that advance and adapt CISE research to impact the data and software sustainability needs of other scientific and engineering disciplines. CISE is also particularly interested in broad applicability projects that support the development of CI that sustains discovery across all fields.

The Directorate for Education and Human Resources (EHR) is interested in fostering multidisciplinary research and development approaches that use large data sets to improve STEM teaching and learning environments (formal and informal) and, over the longer term, revolutionize STEM learning.

The Directorate for Engineering (ENG) will support proposals that provide broad access to novel CI with the potential to address emerging research challenges and enable potentially transformative research advances in the engineering research community. ENG seeks proposals that promote innovation across the CI ecosystem and address the evolving needs of the engineering research community to enable major advances in fundamental discovery in the research areas of its divisions.

The Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental and Transport Systems (CBET) Division seeks proposals outlining potentially transformative and extensible approaches to establish data and software infrastructure that advance fundamental research in areas of division interest. Successful proposals will directly address the myriad challenges research communities face in harnessing advanced computing infrastructure and the associated data handling required to solve engineering problems; challenges include, but are not limited to: (1) the availability of robust methods for experimental and computational data generation, analysis, and storage, as well as straightforward approaches for sharing and curation; and/or (2) model, code, and software development or modernization. See program descriptions for details: https://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=CBET. Topics of special interest include:

• The development of enhanced modeling and data analysis tools and software for applications related to: (1) water pollution; (2) metagenomics and applied environmental microbiology; (3) Earth systems; (4) built environments; (5) air pollution; (6) sustainable chemical manufacturing and process systems; (7) complex chemical reaction networks; (8) catalysis; (9) energy conversion processes; (10) food systems; (11) turbulent flows; (12) flows of complex fluids; (13) heat and mass transport processes; (14) combustion and fire spread and mitigation; (15) nanoparticle interactions; (16) industrially-relevant biomolecular recognition mechanisms and reactions or regulatory metabolic pathways; (17) tissue and organ system processes; (18) disease or injury diagnostic, monitoring, and treatment systems; or (19) characterization and restoration of human function and cognition;
• The design of open-source, dynamic data and/or software infrastructure to facilitate multiscale modeling approaches that bridge the gap between molecular-, nano-, micro-, and macro-length and time scale phenomena;
• Archival-quality data handling tools and repository development, with integrated relevant metadata, to provide effortless, sustained access to community-generated research data; and
• The development of tools that improve predictive accuracy of computational methods and/or error assessment, including uncertainty analysis.

The Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) supports the integration of modeling, computation, data analysis and interdisciplinary research partnerships and perspectives to advance fundamental knowledge. CMMI seeks proposals that provide pathways for discovering, developing, accessing, sharing, understanding, and using powerful CI tools, data and platforms to enhance CMMI researchers’ productivity and impact. The division seeks proposals to develop CI ecosystems that will enable the CMMI research community to more effectively employ software, data, and computational methods to enable new modes of discovery and to lead CI development. See program descriptions for details: https://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=CMMI

The Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) seeks proposals with innovative approaches to establish data and software infrastructure that will advance the fundamental research areas supported by the Division. Examples of topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

• Data and software infrastructure to support innovations in devices, circuits, and systems for sensing, communications, and control;
• Large-scale, real-time machine learning and dynamic data analytics to advance national infrastructure, e.g., wireless communication infrastructure or electrical power grid; and
• Data and software infrastructure to support networked engineering cyber-physical testbeds that are remotely accessible.

The Directorate for Geosciences (GEO) is interested in the following research fields: atmospheric and geospace science, earth science, ocean science, and polar science. The directorate welcomes proposals that focus on the development and implementation of advanced cyber-infrastructure tools and methodologies that:

• Are capable of real- and near-real-time archiving and manipulation of sensor and other field-based data, including experimental and/or simulation data;
• Promote seamless discovery, access, and transfer of data and metadata across data resources and centers that are supported by GEO;
• “Leverage through sharing” of existing investments in university, federal, and commercial computing and infrastructure;
• Engage community models for the assimilation and use of data for initialization, state estimation, or sensitivity analysis; and
• Encourage the development or reuse of computational techniques (e.g., high-performance distributed computing, machine learning, cloud computing, data mining, etc.) to stimulate data enabled science through enhanced large-scale simulations and analysis of large volumes of data.

All projects must be designed to overcome significant bottlenecks to solving compelling geoscience questions. Programmatic areas of interest within GEO are below.

The Office of Polar Programs (OPP) is interested in activities that advance understanding of the current and future states of high latitude ocean circulation, atmospheric conditions, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and biogeochemistry, and the mechanisms that drive the seasonal evolution of sea and land ice melt. OPP welcomes interdisciplinary research that focuses on how the components of the polar regions (land, atmosphere, ocean, sea, land ice, etc.) interact as a system, with feedbacks and unanticipated emergent properties. OPP also welcomes proposals related to polar astrophysics and geospace research. Investigators who are interested in Arctic social science research are encouraged to also read the SBE Programmatic Areas of Interest below, and to contact the cognizant OPP and SBE program officers.

The Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences (AGS) is interested in answering fundamental science questions related to atmospheric and geospace research, including a wide variety of important processes that impact humans and society, such as space weather, tropospheric weather, physical and dynamic meteorology, climate, and air quality.

The Division of Earth Sciences (EAR) is interested in improving our understanding of the structure, composition, and evolution of the Earth, the interaction with life, and the processes that govern the formation and behavior of the Earth's materials. EAR interests include the fields of "solid-earth" science (geology and paleontology, geochemistry, geophysics, continental hydrology, geomorphology, tectonics, and geobiology).

The Division of Ocean Sciences (OCE) is interested in activities that advance understanding of all aspects of the global oceans and ocean basins, including their interactions with people and the integrated Earth system.

The Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) appreciates that software and data CI enable scientific advances and discovery across MPS. The following are division-specific CSSI priorities within MPS.

The Division of Astronomical Sciences (AST) is interested in proposals to support the development and dissemination of sustainable software and tools for data handling and computational activities that enable progress on key questions in astronomy and astrophysics.

The Division of Chemistry (CHE) encourages proposals that focus on innovative software tools and data infrastructure that enable advances in CHE research areas and at the interface of chemistry and other research domains, including software and data tools to enable scientific advances in NSF priority areas. CHE is particularly interested in the development of data and software tools that support modeling of multiple and diverse interactions in complex systems and/or enable data-driven discovery in molecular science. Priority will be given to new areas such as those having a less developed publicly available aggregate of software. These may include quantum dynamics, applications of quantum chemistry to extended systems and those in condensed phases, mixed quantum and classical mechanical methods, and computational spectroscopy and thermochemistry with machine learning and artificial intelligence components, as well as advanced data tools.

The Division of Materials Research (DMR) encourages proposals that focus on innovative and effective software tools and/or data CI that enable advances in the division’s research areas and at the interfaces of materials research with other domain S&E. The division is particularly interested in projects that develop software tools and data CI to enable and support research that integrates digital data with experiment, computation, and theory, such as in an approach consistent with that used in Designing Materials to Revolutionize and Engineer our Future (DMREF). DMR encourages proposals to further develop or to address gaps in the emerging community-wide materials innovation data CI network to support data-intensive materials research and discovery at all scales of research activities. This solicitation provides opportunities to include data gathered through DMR-supported National Facilities and Instrumentation (NaFI), Materials Innovation Platforms (MIP), DMREF projects, Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC), and Partnerships in Research and Education in Materials (PREM). A priority is the development of data CI to support and stimulate the creation of innovative data-centric approaches in materials research.

The Division of Mathematical Sciences (DMS) welcomes proposals that either (a) build computational and graphical tools that have broad application in mathematical sciences and related areas, or (b) translate significant and recently-developed mathematical and statistical models, algorithms, and methods into software tools that address substantial problems or data sets in fields outside the mathematical sciences.

The Division of Physics (PHY) will consider proposals that focus on innovative CI that enables advances in the division's research areas.

The Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE) is interested in fostering the development of innovative data and software CI that furthers the directorate's research priorities. SBE is particularly interested in using CSSI to support projects building on other infrastructure activities such as Human Networks and Data Science-Infrastructure (HNDS-I), formerly Resource Implementations for Data Intensive Research in the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (RIDIR). SBE also is interested in projects that further the accessibility and use of SBE research results or SBE data, including data collected by NSF's National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. SBE welcomes innovative approaches to big data and software problems in SBE-focused domains consistent with NSF’s Harnessing the Data Revolution Big Idea. SBE encourages proposals that further the goals of SBE and at least one other participating NSF directorate.

Cloud Computing Resources

Proposals may request cloud computing resources to use public clouds such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), IBM Cloud, and Microsoft Azure. Cloud computing resources described in proposals may be obtained through an external cloud access entity supported by NSF’s Enabling Access to Cloud Computing Resources for CISE Research and Education (Cloud Access) Program.

Proposers should describe the request in a Supplementary Document no longer than two pages with (a) which public cloud provider will be used, (b) anticipated annual and total costs for accessing the desired cloud computing resources, based on pricing currently available from the public cloud computing providers; and (c) a technical description of, and justification for, the requested cloud computing resources. The NSF Budget should not include any such costs for accessing public cloud computing resources via CloudBank.org. The total cost of the project, including this cloud computing resource request from CloudBank.org, may not exceed the budget limit described in this solicitation.

For example, consider a proposal submitted to the Elements class, which has a total proposal budget limit of $600,000. If a PI wishes to request $20,000 in cloud computing resources through CloudBank, then his/her proposal should request, as part of the proposal budget, no more than $580,000. The remaining $20,000 for cloud computing resources should be specified in the Supplementary Document. If a proposal is a collaborative project with two PIs from two different organizations, then each PI may request cloud computing resources separately through independent Supplementary Documents as long as the total budget (on the budget pages plus in the Supplementary Documents) does not exceed $600,000.

Proposers should include “CloudAccess” (one word without space) as a keyword on the Project Summary page, at the end of the Overview section (before the section on Intellectual Merit) if incorporating this request into the proposal. Proposers may contact CloudBank.org (see https://www.cloudbank.org/faq) for consultation on estimating the budget estimate for using cloud computing resources.

See Section V.A. Proposal Preparation Instructions, Supplementary Documents, for more information on how to describe the CloudAccess request as well as the associated budget.

III. Award Information

Estimated program budget, number of awards and average award size/duration are subject to the availability of funds.

Elements awards shall not exceed a total of $600,000 and 3 years duration (up to $200,000 per year).

Framework Implementations awards shall range from $200,000 to $1M per year and shall be 3 to 5 years in duration.

Projects in the upper portion of the ranges must be exceptional in terms of scientific impact, and as with all proposals, should be discussed with program officers from the divisions that fund the researchers that would be impacted. Proposed funding amounts should be commensurate with the work being proposed, the size of the community that will be affected, and the level of impact anticipated.

It is strongly recommended that prospective PIs contact a program officer from the list of Cognizant Program Officers in the division(s) closest to the major disciplinary impact of the proposed work to ascertain that the scientific focus and budget of the proposed work are appropriate for this solicitation.

IV. Eligibility Information

Who May Submit Proposals:

Proposals may only be submitted by the following:

• Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members. Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.
• Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities.
• NSF-sponsored federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) may apply, provided that they are not including costs for which federal funds have already been awarded or are expected to be awarded.

Who May Serve as PI:

There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:

There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or Co-PI: 1

An individual may participate as PI, co-PI, or other Senior Personnel on at most one proposal across the Elements and Framework Implementations for this solicitation. Thus, if an individual participates on an Elements proposal, he or she may not participate on a Framework Implementations proposal, and vice-versa. Note that any individual whose biographical sketch is provided as part of the proposal will be considered as Senior Personnel in the proposed activity, with or without financial support from the project.

In the event that any individual exceeds this limit, any proposal submitted to this solicitation with this individual listed as PI, co-PI, or Senior Personnel after the first proposal is received at NSF will be returned without review. No exceptions will be made. For this purpose, a multi-organization collaborative project is treated as one proposal that is considered submitted when the last component proposal is submitted.

V. Proposal Preparation And Submission Instructions

A. Proposal Preparation Instructions

Full Proposal Preparation Instructions: Proposers may opt to submit proposals in response to this Program Solicitation via FastLane, Research.gov, or Grants.gov.

• Full proposals submitted via FastLane: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the general guidelines contained in the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG). The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg. Paper copies of the PAPPG may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov. Proposers are reminded to identify this program solicitation number in the program solicitation block on the NSF Cover Sheet For Proposal to the National Science Foundation. Compliance with this requirement is critical to determining the relevant proposal processing guidelines. Failure to submit this information may delay processing.
• Full Proposals submitted via Research.gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the general guidelines contained in the NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG). The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg. Paper copies of the PAPPG may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov. The Prepare New Proposal setup will prompt you for the program solicitation number.
• Full proposals submitted via Grants.gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation via Grants.gov should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants.gov. The complete text of the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.gov website and on the NSF website at: (https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=grantsgovguide). To obtain copies of the Application Guide and Application Forms Package, click on the Apply tab on the Grants.gov site, then click on the Apply Step 1: Download a Grant Application Package and Application Instructions link and enter the funding opportunity number, (the program solicitation number without the NSF prefix) and press the Download Package button. Paper copies of the Grants.gov Application Guide also may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov.

In determining which method to utilize in the electronic preparation and submission of the proposal, please note the following:

Collaborative Proposals. All collaborative proposals submitted as separate submissions from multiple organizations must be submitted via FastLane or Research.gov. PAPPG Chapter II.D.3 provides additional information on collaborative proposals.

See PAPPG Chapter II.C.2 for guidance on the required sections of a full research proposal submitted to NSF. Please note that the proposal preparation instructions provided in this program solicitation may deviate from the PAPPG instructions.

The following provides additional guidance beyond that contained in the PAPPG or NSF Grants.gov Application Guide.

Cover Sheet:

• NSF Unit of Consideration: The “Divisions” section should automatically be selected. Select “Software Institutes” as the Program. Grants.gov users should refer to Section VI.1.2. of the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide for specific instructions on how to designate the NSF Unit of Consideration.

• Proposal Title: Provide a short informative title for the proposed project. To assist NSF staff in sorting proposals for review, proposal titles should begin with "Elements:" or "Frameworks:”.

• International Partners: If your project involves international partners, check the international activities box and list the countries involved. The system allows one PI and at most four co-PIs to be designated for each proposal. If needed, additional lead personnel should be designated as non-co-PI Senior Personnel on the Budget form.

Project Summary (1-page limit):

The overview includes a summary description of the project, the innovative CI being proposed, its research and education goals, and the community (communities) that will be impacted. The statement on intellectual merit should describe the potential of the proposed CI to advance knowledge. The statement on broader impacts should describe the potential of the proposed activity to benefit society and contribute to the achievement of specific, desired societal outcomes.

If cloud computing resources are being requested from CloudBank.org, then the keyword “CloudAccess” (one word without space) should be included at the end of the Overview section (before the section on Intellectual Merit) of the Project Summary page.

Project Description (15-page limit):

The Project Description should define a plan that will lead to sustainable software and data cyberinfrastructure services capable of enabling transformative, robust, and reliable science and engineering and driven by a strong community engagement.

In addition to the guidance specified in the PAPPG, the Project Description must explicitly address the following three major themes. For each theme, the specific subthemes noted below must also be explicitly addressed in the Project Description. For some of the subthemes, additional details should also be provided through supplementary documents (as noted below). An explanation of each subtheme is provided below.

Project Motivation and Impact

• Science-driven: The project outcomes should address well-recognized science outcomes. The project outcomes must fill well-recognized science and engineering needs of the research community, and advance research capability within a significant area or areas of science and engineering. The project will also be evaluated on how it will result in benefits to science and engineering communities beyond initial targets, enable participation of underrepresented communities, and education and workforce development.
• Innovation: CSSI proposals are expected to describe how they will achieve innovation in CI development and use as well as enable research innovation. The project outcomes should address what innovative and transformational capabilities will the project bring to its target communities and how will the project integrate innovation and discovery into the project activities. Innovation can also be enabled through empirical research embedded as an integral component of the project activities. Such research might encompass reproducibility, provenance, effectiveness, usability, and adoption of the components, adaptability to new technologies and to changing requirements, and the development of lifecycle processes used in the project.

Cyberinfrastructure Plans

• Project plans, and system and process architecture: The proposal should include user interactions and a community-driven approach, and provide a timeline including a proof-of-concept demonstration of the key components. Software or data cyberinfrastructure services should be sufficiently described and follow industry best practices, including the architecture of the CI and the engineering process to be used for the design, development, documentation, testing, validation, and release of the software, its deployment to the end user community, and an acceptance and evaluation plan that involves end users. The description of the CI architecture and processes should explain how security, trustworthiness, provenance, reproducibility, and usability will be addressed by the project and integrated into the proposed system and the engineering process, and how adaptability to new technologies and changing requirements will be addressed by the project and built into the proposed system, as appropriate. It is important to balance the security and usability of the infrastructure in way that directly supports the underlying science drivers and objectives. In this context, the proposers should discuss how the infrastructure will support the integrity and provenance of the scientific workflow and resulting data artifacts. Furthermore, where appropriate, the proposal describe how the proposed CI will be secured and protected against attack, and against being used as an attack vector; and how the CI will facilitate securely sharing of data or software artifacts. In terms of usability, the proposal should include descriptions of what approaches will be utilized to aid users and, while all proposals must include a high-quality management plan, for Framework Implementation, the details of this plan would be expected to be covered in detail in the supplementary document.
• Building on existing, recognized capabilities: Over the past decades, NSF, and more specifically OAC, have supported a series of programs and activities that develop, deploy, and provision advanced cyberinfrastructure. CSSI proposals should describe how the project activities will build on and leverage existing NSF and national cyberinfrastructure investments, as appropriate.
• Close collaborations among stakeholders: Project activities are expected to engage CI experts, specialists, and scientists and engineers working in concert with the relevant domain scientists and engineers who are users and, where appropriate contributors to the CI. The management of project, including collaboration and community engagement mechanisms, should be explained in detail and appropriate to the type of project proposed.

Measurable Outcomes

• Deliverables: NSF encourages exploration of various delivery mechanisms, including but not limited to, those leveraging eXtreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), leadership-class computing resources, OAC Software Institutes, Big Data Regional Innovation Hubs, individual organizational resources, and well-known public and private cloud services. The proposed project must articulate in a clear way the services and capabilities to be delivered, and how they are to be delivered.
• Sustained and sustainable impacts: The project outcomes and activities should have long-term impacts, and be sustained beyond the lifetime of the award, as appropriate. Manuals and tutorials for using the developed CI should be delivered to the community. Software or data cyberinfrastructure services must identify the intended license to be used for the released CI, and the justification for the choice of this license. PIs who have been funded under previous CI awards should show quantifiable evidence of the use, impact and sustainability of the previously funded work (and include a citation to the published CI in their biographical sketches as one of their relevant products, if appropriate). All proposals will be evaluated on how the project’s outcomes and its activities will have long-term impacts, and how these will be sustained beyond the lifetime of the award, as appropriate. While the CSSI solicitation does not prescribe a specific path towards achieving sustainability, it should be noted that various approaches have been adopted with success in the past. Whereas for Elements proposals, the focus is mostly on the potential of project’s outcome to lead to sustainability, Framework Implementations are expected to result in in a sustainable community framework providing CI services.
• Metrics: Success of the project must be articulated through sound mechanisms that assess the development and delivery of the services and capabilities to be delivered by the project, as well as the community adoption, usage, or other type of engagement. This assessment must be based on quantitative metrics with targets identified for each year of the award. These should be simple but should also clearly show what the project will accomplish each year, the impact on science, and the breadth of the user community. These metrics should also be appropriate for the programmatic specific areas the project targets as well as for the type of CI proposed to be developed. The viability of the mechanisms employed for collecting the metrics should be described.

In addition, the project must explicitly discuss to which directorates, divisions or offices the proposal is aligned.

If the PI and co-PIs have received prior CSSI funding (including through programs that preceded CSSI), the proposal should briefly discuss what software/data services resulted from their prior CSSI award(s) as well as significant outcomes and impacts. This can be done as part of the Results from Prior NSF Support section if appropriate.

Budget:

Awardees must participate in annual PI meetings near NSF with travel costs supported by the award. These travel costs must be included in the proposal budget. Collaborative awards do not need to send PIs and co-PIs for all of the lead and non-lead partners.

The total budget of the project, including any cloud computing resource request from CloudBank.org, may not exceed the budget limits described for the respective project classes described in this solicitation. The total cost of the cloud computing resources requested from CloudBank.org should not be included in the NSF budget, and should be specified only in the associated supplementary document (see below for additional instructions).

While prospective PIs considering including cloud computing request access are strongly encouraged to use the CloudAccess approach described above, other avenues, such as directly including cost of cloud resources as part of the budget, are also allowed. In this case, the need for cloud resources must be discussed as part of the budget justification.

Supplementary Documents:

In addition to the guidance specified in the PAPPG, the following Supplementary Documents should be included (if required):

• Delivery Mechanism and Community Usage Metrics (required for all award categories): The proposal must include a Supplementary Document of no more than 2 pages labeled “Delivery Mechanism and Community Usage Metrics.” This Supplementary Document should explicitly address the following:
  • Deliverables: How will the services and capabilities be delivered by the project, and how will they be delivered?
  • Metrics: How will the project be measured through quantifiable metrics for development and delivery of the services and capabilities to be delivered by the project, and for the anticipated community adoption and usage? What quantitative metrics and what specific yearly targets for each metric will be used to assess success? How will these metrics be collected?
• Management and Coordination Plan (Framework Implementations only; 3-page limit, to be submitted as a Supplementary Document; for Elements proposals, this information should be included in the Project Description): Every Framework Implementation proposal must contain a clearly labeled “Management and Coordination Plan”, which includes: 1) the specific roles of the PI, co-PIs, other senior personnel, and paid consultants at all organizations involved; 2) how the project will be managed across organizations and disciplines; 3) identification of the specific coordination mechanisms that will enable cross-organization and/or cross-disciplinary scientific integration (e.g., yearly workshops, graduate student exchanges, project meetings at conferences, use of videoconferences, use of common software repositories, build process and/or test suites, etc.); and 4) pointers to the budget line items that support these management and coordination mechanisms.
• Cloud Computing Resources (if applicable): If requesting cloud computing resources, include a description of the requests (not to exceed 2 pages) as a supplementary document that includes: (1) title of the proposal; (2) institution name, (3) the anticipated total cost of computing resources, with yearly breakdown; (4) which public cloud providers will be used; and (5) a technical description and justification of the request, along with how the cost was estimated. The NSF Budget should not include any such costs for accessing public cloud computing resources via CloudBank.org. The total cost of the project, including this cloud computing resource request from CloudBank.org, may not exceed the budget limits for project class of the proposal, as described in this solicitation. Proposers should include “CloudAccess” (one word without space) as a keyword in the Project Summary page, at the end of the Overview section (before the section on Intellectual Merit).
• Letters of Collaboration (optional): Include documentation of funded or unfunded collaborative arrangements of significance to the proposal through Letters of Collaboration. [See PAPPG Chapter II.C.2.d(iv) for details.] Letters of Collaboration should be limited to stating the intent to collaborate and should not contain endorsements or evaluation of the proposed project. The recommended format for Letters of Collaboration is as follows:

"If the proposal submitted by Dr. [insert the full name of the Principal Investigator] entitled [insert the proposal title] is selected for funding by NSF, it is my intent to collaborate and/or commit resources as detailed in the Project Description or the Facilities, Equipment or Other Resources section of the proposal."

Scan your signed letters of collaboration, containing only text similar to the above, and upload them into the Supplementary Documents section of the proposal, but do not send originals.

Do not submit letters of support. For example, letters of endorsement and letters of a laudatory nature for the proposed project are not acceptable.

• Project Personnel and Partner Organizations (required for all award categories): Provide current, accurate information for all personnel and organizations involved in the project. The list must include all PIs, co-PIs, Senior Personnel, paid/unpaid Consultants or Collaborators, Subawardees, Postdocs, project-level advisory committee members, and writers of letters of support. This list should be numbered and include (in this order) Full name, Organization(s), and Role in the project, with each item separated by a semi-colon. Each person listed should start a new numbered line. For example:
  • Mary Smith; XYZ University; PI
  • John Jones; University of PQR; Senior Personnel
  • Jane Brown; XYZ University; Postdoc
  • Bob Adams; ABC Inc.; Paid Consultant
  • Mary White; Welldone Institution; Unpaid Collaborator
  • Tim Green; ZZZ University; Subawardee

Single Copy Documents:

Collaborators and Other Affiliations Information: Proposers should follow the guidance specified in Chapter II.C.1.e of the NSF PAPPG.

Note the distinction to item on "Project Personnel and Partner Organizations", above, for Supplementary Documents: the listing of all project participants is collected by the project lead and entered as a Supplementary Document, which is then automatically included with all proposals in a project. The Collaborators and Other Affiliations are entered for each participant within each proposal and, as Single Copy Documents, are available only to NSF staff.

No other items or appendices are to be included. Full proposals containing items other than those required above or by the Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG) will be returned without review.

B. Budgetary Information

Cost Sharing:

Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.

Budget Preparation Instructions:

Awardees are expected to participate in annual PI meetings with travel costs supported by the award. These travel costs should be included in the proposed budget. Collaborative awards do not need to send PIs and co-PIs for all of the lead and non-lead partners.

Prospective PIs are reminded that the Proposals with budgets exceeding the maximum total will be returned without review. For this purpose, a multi-organization collaborative project is treated as one proposal for which the above limits apply.

C. Due Dates

• Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. submitter's local time):

      October 28, 2020

D. FastLane/Research.gov/Grants.gov Requirements

For Proposals Submitted Via FastLane or Research.gov:

To prepare and submit a proposal via FastLane, see detailed technical instructions available at: https://www.fastlane.nsf.gov/a1/newstan.htm. To prepare and submit a proposal via Research.gov, see detailed technical instructions available at: https://www.research.gov/research-portal/appmanager/base/desktop?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=research_node_display&_nodePath=/researchGov/Service/Desktop/ProposalPreparationandSubmission.html. For FastLane or Research.gov user support, call the FastLane and Research.gov Help Desk at 1-800-673-6188 or e-mail fastlane@nsf.gov or rgov@nsf.gov. The FastLane and Research.gov Help Desk answers general technical questions related to the use of the FastLane and Research.gov systems. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this funding opportunity.

For Proposals Submitted Via Grants.gov:

Before using Grants.gov for the first time, each organization must register to create an institutional profile. Once registered, the applicant's organization can then apply for any federal grant on the Grants.gov website. Comprehensive information about using Grants.gov is available on the Grants.gov Applicant Resources webpage: https://www.grants.gov/web/grants/applicants.html. In addition, the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide (see link in Section V.A) provides instructions regarding the technical preparation of proposals via Grants.gov. For Grants.gov user support, contact the Grants.gov Contact Center at 1-800-518-4726 or by email: support@grants.gov. The Grants.gov Contact Center answers general technical questions related to the use of Grants.gov. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this solicitation.

Submitting the Proposal: Once all documents have been completed, the Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must submit the application to Grants.gov and verify the desired funding opportunity and agency to which the application is submitted. The AOR must then sign and submit the application to Grants.gov. The completed application will be transferred to the NSF FastLane system for further processing.

Proposers that submitted via FastLane or Research.gov may use Research.gov to verify the status of their submission to NSF. For proposers that submitted via Grants.gov, until an application has been received and validated by NSF, the Authorized Organizational Representative may check the status of an application on Grants.gov. After proposers have received an e-mail notification from NSF, Research.gov should be used to check the status of an application.

VI. NSF Proposal Processing And Review Procedures

Proposals received by NSF are assigned to the appropriate NSF program for acknowledgement and, if they meet NSF requirements, for review. All proposals are carefully reviewed by a scientist, engineer, or educator serving as an NSF Program Officer, and usually by three to ten other persons outside NSF either as ad hoc reviewers, panelists, or both, who are experts in the particular fields represented by the proposal. These reviewers are selected by Program Officers charged with oversight of the review process. Proposers are invited to suggest names of persons they believe are especially well qualified to review the proposal and/or persons they would prefer not review the proposal. These suggestions may serve as one source in the reviewer selection process at the Program Officer's discretion. Submission of such names, however, is optional. Care is taken to ensure that reviewers have no conflicts of interest with the proposal. In addition, Program Officers may obtain comments from site visits before recommending final action on proposals. Senior NSF staff further review recommendations for awards. A flowchart that depicts the entire NSF proposal and award process (and associated timeline) is included in PAPPG Exhibit III-1.

A comprehensive description of the Foundation's merit review process is available on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/bfa/dias/policy/merit_review/.

Proposers should also be aware of core strategies that are essential to the fulfillment of NSF's mission, as articulated in Building the Future: Investing in Discovery and Innovation - NSF Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years (FY) 2018 – 2022. These strategies are integrated in the program planning and implementation process, of which proposal review is one part. NSF's mission is particularly well-implemented through the integration of research and education and broadening participation in NSF programs, projects, and activities.

One of the strategic objectives in support of NSF's mission is to foster integration of research and education through the programs, projects, and activities it supports at academic and research institutions. These institutions must recruit, train, and prepare a diverse STEM workforce to advance the frontiers of science and participate in the U.S. technology-based economy. NSF's contribution to the national innovation ecosystem is to provide cutting-edge research under the guidance of the Nation's most creative scientists and engineers. NSF also supports development of a strong science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce by investing in building the knowledge that informs improvements in STEM teaching and learning.

NSF's mission calls for the broadening of opportunities and expanding participation of groups, institutions, and geographic regions that are underrepresented in STEM disciplines, which is essential to the health and vitality of science and engineering. NSF is committed to this principle of diversity and deems it central to the programs, projects, and activities it considers and supports.

A. Merit Review Principles and Criteria

The National Science Foundation strives to invest in a robust and diverse portfolio of projects that creates new knowledge and enables breakthroughs in understanding across all areas of science and engineering research and education. To identify which projects to support, NSF relies on a merit review process that incorporates consideration of both the technical aspects of a proposed project and its potential to contribute more broadly to advancing NSF's mission "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes." NSF makes every effort to conduct a fair, competitive, transparent merit review process for the selection of projects.

1. Merit Review Principles

These principles are to be given due diligence by PIs and organizations when preparing proposals and managing projects, by reviewers when reading and evaluating proposals, and by NSF program staff when determining whether or not to recommend proposals for funding and while overseeing awards. Given that NSF is the primary federal agency charged with nurturing and supporting excellence in basic research and education, the following three principles apply:

• All NSF projects should be of the highest quality and have the potential to advance, if not transform, the frontiers of knowledge.
• NSF projects, in the aggregate, should contribute more broadly to achieving societal goals. These "Broader Impacts" may be accomplished through the research itself, through activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. The project activities may be based on previously established and/or innovative methods and approaches, but in either case must be well justified.
• Meaningful assessment and evaluation of NSF funded projects should be based on appropriate metrics, keeping in mind the likely correlation between the effect of broader impacts and the resources provided to implement projects. If the size of the activity is limited, evaluation of that activity in isolation is not likely to be meaningful. Thus, assessing the effectiveness of these activities may best be done at a higher, more aggregated, level than the individual project.

With respect to the third principle, even if assessment of Broader Impacts outcomes for particular projects is done at an aggregated level, PIs are expected to be accountable for carrying out the activities described in the funded project. Thus, individual projects should include clearly stated goals, specific descriptions of the activities that the PI intends to do, and a plan in place to document the outputs of those activities.

These three merit review principles provide the basis for the merit review criteria, as well as a context within which the users of the criteria can better understand their intent.

2. Merit Review Criteria

All NSF proposals are evaluated through use of the two National Science Board approved merit review criteria. In some instances, however, NSF will employ additional criteria as required to highlight the specific objectives of certain programs and activities.

The two merit review criteria are listed below. Both criteria are to be given full consideration during the review and decision-making processes; each criterion is necessary but neither, by itself, is sufficient. Therefore, proposers must fully address both criteria. (PAPPG Chapter II.C.2.d(i). contains additional information for use by proposers in development of the Project Description section of the proposal). Reviewers are strongly encouraged to review the criteria, including PAPPG Chapter II.C.2.d(i), prior to the review of a proposal.

When evaluating NSF proposals, reviewers will be asked to consider what the proposers want to do, why they want to do it, how they plan to do it, how they will know if they succeed, and what benefits could accrue if the project is successful. These issues apply both to the technical aspects of the proposal and the way in which the project may make broader contributions. To that end, reviewers will be asked to evaluate all proposals against two criteria:

• Intellectual Merit: The Intellectual Merit criterion encompasses the potential to advance knowledge; and
• Broader Impacts: The Broader Impacts criterion encompasses the potential to benefit society and contribute to the achievement of specific, desired societal outcomes.

The following elements should be considered in the review for both criteria:

1. What is the potential for the proposed activity to
   1. Advance knowledge and understanding within its own field or across different fields (Intellectual Merit); and
   2. Benefit society or advance desired societal outcomes (Broader Impacts)?
2. To what extent do the proposed activities suggest and explore creative, original, or potentially transformative concepts?
3. Is the plan for carrying out the proposed activities well-reasoned, well-organized, and based on a sound rationale? Does the plan incorporate a mechanism to assess success?
4. How well qualified is the individual, team, or organization to conduct the proposed activities?
5. Are there adequate resources available to the PI (either at the home organization or through collaborations) to carry out the proposed activities?

Broader impacts may be accomplished through the research itself, through the activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. NSF values the advancement of scientific knowledge and activities that contribute to achievement of societally relevant outcomes. Such outcomes include, but are not limited to: full participation of women, persons with disabilities, and underrepresented minorities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); improved STEM education and educator development at any level; increased public scientific literacy and public engagement with science and technology; improved well-being of individuals in society; development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce; increased partnerships between academia, industry, and others; improved national security; increased economic competitiveness of the United States; and enhanced infrastructure for research and education.

Proposers are reminded that reviewers will also be asked to review the Data Management Plan and the Postdoctoral Researcher Mentoring Plan, as appropriate.

Additional Solicitation Specific Review Criteria

All proposals must clearly address the following solicitation-specific review criteria through well-identified proposal elements. The criteria are grouped under three major themes:

Project Motivation and Impact

• Science-driven: Do the project outcomes fill well-recognized science and engineering needs of the research community, and advance research capability within a significant area or areas of science and engineering? What are the broader impacts of the project, such as benefits to science and engineering communities beyond initial targets, underrepresented communities, and education and workforce development? What well-recognized science outcomes will be accomplished by the research community through the leveraging of the new CI?
• Innovation: How does the project achieve innovation in CI development and use as well as enable research innovation? What innovative and transformational capabilities will the project bring to its target communities? Does the project integrate innovation and discovery into the project activities?

Cyberinfrastructure Plans

• Project plans, and system and process architecture: What is the proposed architecture, and what engineering process will be used for its design, development, documentation, testing, validation, and release? How will security, trustworthiness, provenance, reproducibility, and usability be addressed by the project and integrated into the proposed system and the engineering process? How will the CI be adaptable to new technologies and changing requirements?
• Building on existing, recognized capabilities: How will the project activities build on and leverage existing NSF and national cyberinfrastructure investments, as appropriate?
• Close collaborations among stakeholders: How will the project activities engage CI experts, specialists, scientists and engineers working in concert with the relevant domain scientists and engineers who are users of CI? How will the project (including collaboration) be managed? What are the community engagement mechanisms?

Measurable Outcomes

• Deliverables: Does the proposed project clearly articulate the services and capabilities to be delivered, and how they are to be delivered?
• Sustained and sustainable impacts: How will the project’s outcomes and its activities have long-term impacts, and how will these be sustained beyond the lifetime of the award, as appropriate? Are the sustainability approaches following well-established models?
• Metrics: Does the proposed project clearly articulate quantifiable metrics for development and delivery of the services and capabilities to be delivered by the project, and for the anticipated community adoption and usage? Are quantitative metrics with targets identified for each year of the award?

B. Review and Selection Process

Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation will be reviewed by Ad hoc Review and/or Panel Review.

Reviewers will be asked to evaluate proposals using two National Science Board approved merit review criteria and, if applicable, additional program specific criteria. A summary rating and accompanying narrative will generally be completed and submitted by each reviewer and/or panel. The Program Officer assigned to manage the proposal's review will consider the advice of reviewers and will formulate a recommendation.

After scientific, technical and programmatic review and consideration of appropriate factors, the NSF Program Officer recommends to the cognizant Division Director whether the proposal should be declined or recommended for award. NSF strives to be able to tell applicants whether their proposals have been declined or recommended for funding within six months. Large or particularly complex proposals or proposals from new awardees may require additional review and processing time. The time interval begins on the deadline or target date, or receipt date, whichever is later. The interval ends when the Division Director acts upon the Program Officer's recommendation.

After programmatic approval has been obtained, the proposals recommended for funding will be forwarded to the Division of Grants and Agreements for review of business, financial, and policy implications. After an administrative review has occurred, Grants and Agreements Officers perform the processing and issuance of a grant or other agreement. Proposers are cautioned that only a Grants and Agreements Officer may make commitments, obligations or awards on behalf of NSF or authorize the expenditure of funds. No commitment on the part of NSF should be inferred from technical or budgetary discussions with a NSF Program Officer. A Principal Investigator or organization that makes financial or personnel commitments in the absence of a grant or cooperative agreement signed by the NSF Grants and Agreements Officer does so at their own risk.

Once an award or declination decision has been made, Principal Investigators are provided feedback about their proposals. In all cases, reviews are treated as confidential documents. Verbatim copies of reviews, excluding the names of the reviewers or any reviewer-identifying information, are sent to the Principal Investigator/Project Director by the Program Officer. In addition, the proposer will receive an explanation of the decision to award or decline funding.

VII. Award Administration Information

A. Notification of the Award

Notification of the award is made to the submitting organization by a Grants Officer in the Division of Grants and Agreements. Organizations whose proposals are declined will be advised as promptly as possible by the cognizant NSF Program administering the program. Verbatim copies of reviews, not including the identity of the reviewer, will be provided automatically to the Principal Investigator. (See Section VI.B. for additional information on the review process.)

B. Award Conditions

An NSF award consists of: (1) the award notice, which includes any special provisions applicable to the award and any numbered amendments thereto; (2) the budget, which indicates the amounts, by categories of expense, on which NSF has based its support (or otherwise communicates any specific approvals or disapprovals of proposed expenditures); (3) the proposal referenced in the award notice; (4) the applicable award conditions, such as Grant General Conditions (GC-1)*; or Research Terms and Conditions* and (5) any announcement or other NSF issuance that may be incorporated by reference in the award notice. Cooperative agreements also are administered in accordance with NSF Cooperative Agreement Financial and Administrative Terms and Conditions (CA-FATC) and the applicable Programmatic Terms and Conditions. NSF awards are electronically signed by an NSF Grants and Agreements Officer and transmitted electronically to the organization via e-mail.

*These documents may be accessed electronically on NSF's Website at https://www.nsf.gov/awards/managing/award_conditions.jsp?org=NSF. Paper copies may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov.

More comprehensive information on NSF Award Conditions and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) Chapter VII, available electronically on the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg.

Special Award Conditions:

• Awardees must participate in annual PI meetings with travel costs supported by the awards.

C. Reporting Requirements

For all multi-year grants (including both standard and continuing grants), the Principal Investigator must submit an annual project report to the cognizant Program Officer no later than 90 days prior to the end of the current budget period. (Some programs or awards require submission of more frequent project reports). No later than 120 days following expiration of a grant, the PI also is required to submit a final project report, and a project outcomes report for the general public.

Failure to provide the required annual or final project reports, or the project outcomes report, will delay NSF review and processing of any future funding increments as well as any pending proposals for all identified PIs and co-PIs on a given award. PIs should examine the formats of the required reports in advance to assure availability of required data.

PIs are required to use NSF's electronic project-reporting system, available through Research.gov, for preparation and submission of annual and final project reports. Such reports provide information on accomplishments, project participants (individual and organizational), publications, and other specific products and impacts of the project. Submission of the report via Research.gov constitutes certification by the PI that the contents of the report are accurate and complete. The project outcomes report also must be prepared and submitted using Research.gov. This report serves as a brief summary, prepared specifically for the public, of the nature and outcomes of the project. This report will be posted on the NSF website exactly as it is submitted by the PI.

More comprehensive information on NSF Reporting Requirements and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) Chapter VII, available electronically on the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pappg.

VIII. Agency Contacts

Please note that the program contact information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.

General inquiries regarding this program should be made to:

• Stefan A. Robila, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-2303, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Amy Walton, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-4538, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Tevfik Kosar, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-8970, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Alan Sussman, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-7563, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Peter H. McCartney, Program Director, BIO/DBI, telephone: (703) 292-8470, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Almadena Y. Chtchelkanova, Program Director, CISE/CCF, telephone: (703) 292-8910, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sol Greenspan, Program Director, CISE/CCF, telephone: (703) 292-8910, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sylvia Spengler, Program Director, CISE/IIS, telephone: (703) 292-8930, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Amarda Shehu, Program Director, CISE/IIS, telephone: (703) 292-8191, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Abiodun Ilumoka, Program Director, EHR/DUE, telephone: (703) 292-2703, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Ronald Joslin, Program Director, ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7030, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Shahab Shojaei-Zadeh, Program Director, ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-8045, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Joanne D. Culbertson, Program Director, ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-4602, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Mohammod Ali, Program Director, ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-4632, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Eric DeWeaver, Program Director, GEO/AGS, telephone: (703) 292-8527, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Eva E. Zanzerkia, Program Director, GEO/EAR, telephone: (703) 292-4734, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Sean C. Kennan, Program Director, GEO/OCE, telephone: (703) 292-7575, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Marc Stieglitz, Program Director, GEO/OPP, telephone: (703) 292-4354, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Nigel A. Sharp, Program Director, MPS/AST, telephone: (703) 292-4905, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Richard Dawes, Program Director, MPS/CHE, telephone: (703) 292-7486, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Daryl W. Hess, Program Director, MPS/DMR, telephone: (703) 292-4942, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Christopher W. Stark, Program Director, MPS/DMS, telephone: (703) 292-4869, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Vyacheslav (Slava) Lukin, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-7382, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Bogdan Mihaila, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-8235, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Pedro Marronetti, Program Director, MPS/PHY, telephone: (703) 292-7372, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

• Cheryl L. Eavey, Program Director, SBE/SES, telephone: (703) 292-7269, email: CSSIQueries@nsf.gov

For questions related to the use of FastLane or Research.gov, contact:

• FastLane and Research.gov Help Desk: 1-800-673-6188

FastLane Help Desk e-mail: fastlane@nsf.gov.

Research.gov Help Desk e-mail: rgov@nsf.gov

For questions relating to Grants.gov contact:

• Grants.gov Contact Center: If the Authorized Organizational Representatives (AOR) has not received a confirmation message from Grants.gov within 48 hours of submission of application, please contact via telephone: 1-800-518-4726; e-mail: support@grants.gov.

General questions on the solicitation should be sent to CSSIQueries@nsf.gov, or to the following Program Officers:

• Stefan Robila, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-2303
• Amy Walton, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-4538
• Tevfik Kosar, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-8970
• Alan Sussman, Program Director, CISE/OAC, telephone: (703) 292-7563

IX. Other Information

The NSF website provides the most comprehensive source of information on NSF Directorates (including contact information), programs and funding opportunities. Use of this website by potential proposers is strongly encouraged. In addition, "NSF Update" is an information-delivery system designed to keep potential proposers and other interested parties apprised of new NSF funding opportunities and publications, important changes in proposal and award policies and procedures, and upcoming NSF Grants Conferences. Subscribers are informed through e-mail or the user's Web browser each time new publications are issued that match their identified interests. "NSF Update" also is available on NSF's website.

Grants.gov provides an additional electronic capability to search for Federal government-wide grant opportunities. NSF funding opportunities may be accessed via this mechanism. Further information on Grants.gov may be obtained at https://www.grants.gov.

About The National Science Foundation

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent Federal agency created by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended (42 USC 1861-75). The Act states the purpose of the NSF is "to promote the progress of science; [and] to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare by supporting research and education in all fields of science and engineering."

NSF funds research and education in most fields of science and engineering. It does this through grants and cooperative agreements to more than 2,000 colleges, universities, K-12 school systems, businesses, informal science organizations and other research organizations throughout the US. The Foundation accounts for about one-fourth of Federal support to academic institutions for basic research.

NSF receives approximately 55,000 proposals each year for research, education and training projects, of which approximately 11,000 are funded. In addition, the Foundation receives several thousand applications for graduate and postdoctoral fellowships. The agency operates no laboratories itself but does support National Research Centers, user facilities, certain oceanographic vessels and Arctic and Antarctic research stations. The Foundation also supports cooperative research between universities and industry, US participation in international scientific and engineering efforts, and educational activities at every academic level.

Facilitation Awards for Scientists and Engineers with Disabilities (FASED) provide funding for special assistance or equipment to enable persons with disabilities to work on NSF-supported projects. See the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide Chapter II.E.6 for instructions regarding preparation of these types of proposals.

The National Science Foundation has Telephonic Device for the Deaf (TDD) and Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) capabilities that enable individuals with hearing impairments to communicate with the Foundation about NSF programs, employment or general information. TDD may be accessed at (703) 292-5090 and (800) 281-8749, FIRS at (800) 877-8339.

The National Science Foundation Information Center may be reached at (703) 292-5111.

The National Science Foundation promotes and advances scientific progress in the United States by competitively awarding grants and cooperative agreements for research and education in the sciences, mathematics, and engineering. To get the latest information about program deadlines, to download copies of NSF publications, and to access abstracts of awards, visit the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov Location: 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22314 For General Information (NSF Information Center): (703) 292-5111 TDD (for the hearing-impaired): (703) 292-5090 To Order Publications or Forms: Send an e-mail to: nsfpubs@nsf.gov or telephone: (703) 292-8569 To Locate NSF Employees: (703) 292-5111

Privacy Act And Public Burden Statements

The information requested on proposal forms and project reports is solicited under the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. The information on proposal forms will be used in connection with the selection of qualified proposals; and project reports submitted by awardees will be used for program evaluation and reporting within the Executive Branch and to Congress. The information requested may be disclosed to qualified reviewers and staff assistants as part of the proposal review process; to proposer institutions/grantees to provide or obtain data regarding the proposal review process, award decisions, or the administration of awards; to government contractors, experts, volunteers and researchers and educators as necessary to complete assigned work; to other government agencies or other entities needing information regarding applicants or nominees as part of a joint application review process, or in order to coordinate programs or policy; and to another Federal agency, court, or party in a court or Federal administrative proceeding if the government is a party. Information about Principal Investigators may be added to the Reviewer file and used to select potential candidates to serve as peer reviewers or advisory committee members. See System of Record Notices, NSF-50, "Principal Investigator/Proposal File and Associated Records," and NSF-51, "Reviewer/Proposal File and Associated Records.” Submission of the information is voluntary. Failure to provide full and complete information, however, may reduce the possibility of receiving an award.

An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OMB control number for this collection is 3145-0058. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 120 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions. Send comments regarding the burden estimate and any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:

Suzanne H. Plimpton
Reports Clearance Officer
Office of the General Counsel
National Science Foundation
Alexandria, VA 22314